If you are trying to lay down some nice vocal tracks or record some acoustic instruments, you will need to get your hands on a good condenser mic. These mics are a lot more sensitive than dynamic mics and there are a lot of them out on the market. If you are just starting out then you may not want to spend several hundred dollars on a new microphone so I will provide a list of cheaper mics that I believe will get the job done nicely. Please be aware that in most cases you will just want a standard cardioid condenser mic and will probably not need multiple polar patterns. Cardioid pattern will pick up sound coming from the front of the mic. Figure 8 will pick up sound from front and back and Omni-directional will pick up sound from all directions. Again, standard cardioid will be just fine. Here is a short list of budget friendly mics that will have you on your way.
1. Audio Technica AT2020
2. Sterling ST51
3. AKG P120
4. Blue Spark
5. Rode NT1